Complex Dynamics of an Aquatic Tri-Trophic Food Chain System with Holling Type IV Functional Response
Partha Ghosh
Dr. Partha Ghosh, Department of Mathematics, Abhedananda, Mahavidyalaya, Sainthia, Birbhum, West Bengal, India.
Manuscript received on 17 September 2025 | Revised Manuscript received on 29 September 2025 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 October 2025 | Manuscript published on 30 October 2025 | PP: 43-49 | Volume-5 Issue-2, October 2025 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijam.B121805021025 | DOI: 10.54105/ijam.B1218.05021025
Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | OJS | Indexing and Abstracting
© The Authors. Published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Complex dynamics of a modified Hastings-Powell (HP) model (phytoplankton-zooplankton-fish) with Holling type IV functional response are investigated in this article. Boundedness of the system has been established. A detailed study of the boundary equilibrium points and their local stability has been carried out. The condition of uniform persistence of the system has also been derived. Dynamical complexities and subsequent changes in the states of the system have been portrayed using numerical simulation. Modified HP model with Holling type IV functional response gives rise to a similar type of chaotic dynamics (inverted ‘teacup attractor’) as observed in the original HP model with Holling type II functional response. Chaotic or stable dynamics are also numerically verified using Sil’nikov eigenvalue analysis.
Keywords: Holling type IV, Boundedness, Uniform persistence, Chaos. Mathematics Subject Classification 2010: 92 XX
Scope of the Article: Dynamical Systems